Loss of lactate dehydrogenase A disrupts R-loop homeostasis and induces DNA damage in breast cancer cells

Introduction

R-loops, three-stranded nucleic acid structures composed of an RNA-DNA hybrid and displaced single-stranded DNA, are tightly regulated by single-stranded DNA-binding proteins. However, the role of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), an atypical DNA-binding protein and key glycolytic enzyme, in R-loop regulation remains unclear.