Epidermoid Cyst of the Cecum: A Case Report of an Exceptionally Rare Entity and Review of the Literature

Epidermoid cysts of the cecum are extremely rare benign lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.Their diagnosis remains challenging due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms and inconclusive radiological findings.Consequently, accurate preoperative diagnosis is difficult, with lesions often being misdiagnosed as appendiceal mucoceles, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), duplication cysts, or adnexal masses.We report the case of a 59-year-old male who presented with right lower quadrant abdominal pain and a palpable mass.Comprehensive diagnostic imaging, including abdominal ultrasonography, abdominopelvic computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), revealed a well-circumscribed cystic lesion arising from the cecal wall, initially concerning for a cecal neoplasm or appendiceal mucocele.The patient underwent a successful right hemicolectomy, and histopathological examination definitively confirmed a cecal epidermoid cyst lined by stratified squamous epithelium containing keratinaceous debris.Postoperative recovery was uneventful.Although exceptionally rare, epidermoid cysts should be included in the differential diagnosis of right lower quadrant masses.Despite the limited number of reported cases, complete surgical excision remains the definitive treatment of choice, providing an excellent long-term prognosis with no evidence of recurrence.