Sophocarpine Inhibits Proliferation and Triggers Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells by Modulating the miR-21/PTEN/AKT and ERK1/2 Signaling Networks

Background

Sophocarpine (SC), a tetracyclic quinolizidine alkaloid, has shown antitumor potential, yet its activity and underlying mechanisms in breast cancer remain unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of SC and the molecular mechanism, focusing on the involvement of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling networks.