The Role of Antinuclear Antibody in Predicting the Efficacy and Immune-Related Adverse Events of Immunochemotherapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Real-World Analysis

Background

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor-based immunochemotherapy is a standard treatment for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but accessible blood-based biomarkers associated with both treatment efficacy and the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain limited. The presence of antinuclear antibody (ANA) in the pretreatment period may reflect host immune status; however, its clinical relevance in ESCC and its relationship with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression have not been fully characterized.