Tumour Mutation Burden Does Not Predict Immune Cell Frequency or Risk of Recurrence After Surgery in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Introduction/Objectives: Understanding the genetic and immune heterogeneity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is critical for accurate pathological characterisation and treatment planning, as therapies advance towards personalisation. Tumour mutational burden (TMB) has been proposed as a biomarker of response to immune checkpoint blockade but its relationship with immune infiltration in HCC remains unclear, particularly across different aetiologies and within multifocal disease.