Integrating Tumour Biology into Surgical Decision-Making for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Real-World Cohort Analysis Adapted for Clinical Colorectal Cancer

Background

Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is biologically heterogeneous, resulting in variable outcomes despite similar disease burden and treatment. Although metastasectomy offers the only potentially curative option for selected patients, surgical selection remains largely anatomy based. Whether biological factors continue to influence outcomes after resection remains unclear.