Integrative options for the management of anxiety and depression in people with cancer

This review summarizes the definition, diagnosis and prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and disorders in people with cancer, followed by an overview of integrative therapies that are guideline-recommended for managing these conditions. Recommended therapies include mindfulness-based interventions, yoga, relaxation, music, reflexology, Taichi/Qigong, acupuncture, lavender aromatherapy and hypnosis. This is followed by a summary of emerging therapies that show preliminary evidence of efficacy, but are not yet included in guideline recommendations, including other forms of aromatherapy, light therapy, biofield therapies, psychedelic-assisted therapy and nature-based interventions. The paper concludes with a summary of common methodological issues and suggestions for future research directions.