Nutritional support of psychosomatic diseases: The role of spices and personalization based on temperament abstract

OBJECTIVE. To summarize current scientific evidence on the role of nutrition and spices in the nutritional support of patients with psychosomatic diseases and to substantiate a conceptual model for personalizing dietary recommendations with consideration of individual psychological characteristics, particularly temperament. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A narrative analysis of the scientific literature was performed, with priority given to systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published predominantly between 2020 and 2026. Evidence concerning stress, overall dietary quality and psychological well-being, personalized nutrition, the microbiota-gut-brain axis, and the clinical effects of selected spices and their bioactive compounds was analyzed. RESULTS. The review addresses the relationship between psychological stress and eating behavior and the role of overall dietary quality in psychoemotional status; outlines the promise and limitations of personalized nutritional interventions; analyzes current evidence on the clinical effects of spices, particularly saffron and curcumin, considering differences in bioavailability between standardized extracts and culinary doses; and presents a conceptual approach to temperament as a modifier of how dietary recommendations are implemented within a multilevel model of nutritional support. CONCLUSIONS. Nutritional support should be considered an integral component of comprehensive care for patients with psychosomatic diseases. Spices may serve as a means of sensory personalization of a healthy dietary pattern, while the promising evidence on saffron and curcumin requires cautious clinical interpretation. Consideration of temperament may be useful for adapting behavioral strategy and improving adherence to dietary recommendations; however, the proposed model requires further clinical validation.