Therapy with chimeric antigen receptor t-cells. overview of clinical efficacy and prospects for implementation in kazakhstan

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) is a form of adoptive cellular immunotherapy. This review aims to inform healthcare professionals - including regulatory experts in gene and cell therapy - about the principles of CAR-T therapy. It discusses the mechanisms of action, provides an overview of currently approved CAR-T products, and summarizes up-to-date clinical efficacy data. The article also outlines the current status of implementing CAR-T in Kazakhstan. Key technological and organizational factors are described which determine the prospect for the localization of CAR-T manufacturing and the launch of the clinical use in the country. The use of CAR-T therapy is expanding around the world, but this therapy is not implemented in Kazakhstan. Hallmarks of CAR-T technology include that CAR-T products are manufactured individually for patients and consist of genetically modified T-lymphocytes. Currently, CAR-T therapy is approved and recommended for the treatment of B-cell leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, and the therapy is particularly efficient in patients with relapsed or refractory disease which do not respond to standard therapies. Findings from the literature review highlight the strong potential of CAR-T therapy to improve treatment outcomes for patients with refractory forms of leukemia and lymphoma in Kazakhstan’s oncology centers.