Comparison of 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced hypotension of extending the oral administration period during photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumor for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Background

Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) using photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) with 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (5-ALA) to treat non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) frequently results in hypotension being reported as a serious side effect. After this method had been approved for oral administration 2–8 hours (h) prior to cystoscope insertion in September 2024, no reports thoroughly investigated hypotension occurring with newly approved 5-ALA administration timing.