Socioeconomic dynamics and tuberculosis mortality in São Paulo: a population-level analysis using spatial modeling

Summary: Background: Tuberculosis remains a major cause of preventable mortality in Brazil, marked by pronounced social and territorial inequalities. Evidence remains limited on how socioeconomic conditions and health system characteristics are associated with tuberculosis mortality across age groups in high-burden settings such as São Paulo state. This study aimed to examine the spatial and temporal associations of these factors with tuberculosis mortality across municipalities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.