Effect of a Training Intervention on Infection Knowledge and Control Practices among ICU Healthcare Workers in Public Hospitals, Sana’a, Yemen: A Short Report

Background Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) pose critical public health challenges in resource-limited intensive care units (ICUs). This study evaluated the longitudinal impact of a structured infection prevention and control (IPC) training Intervention program among ICU healthcare workers (HCWs) in conflict-affected Sana’a, Yemen. Methods A quasi-experimental, one-group pretest–posttest study was conducted across 15 ICUs and 466 HCWs (physicians and nurses) in three major public hospitals. A targeted IPC training intervention was implemented for physicians and nurses. IPC knowledge, practices, and IPC assessment tool module scores were evaluated at baseline and 6 months post-intervention using validated assessment tools and standardized USAID observational checklists. Results Of 500 enrolled HCWs, 466 completed the 6-month follow-up. The total mean IPC knowledge score significantly improved from 58.70 ± 17.48 at baseline to 73.40 ± 13.46 post-intervention ( t = 3.239, p = 0.002). Concurrently, the total mean IPC assessment tool modules showed significant improvements from 47.0 ± 13.70 to 56.0 ± 14.25 ( t = 2.545, p = 0.044). Direct observations also demonstrated that the total mean IPC practice score increased substantially from 28.59 ± 8.73 to 68.59 ± 17.74 ( t = 43.048, p < 0.001). Conclusion The implementation of a structured IPC training program significantly improved both the knowledge and observed practices of ICU healthcare workers. Ongoing educational initiatives, supported by effective monitoring and appropriate provision of resources, are critical to enhancing IPC compliance and ensuring patient safety within healthcare environments.