Primary sclerosing cholangitis in children with inflammatory bowel disease: An ESPGHAN position paper from the Hepatology Committee and the IBD Porto group

We aimed to provide an evidence-supported approach to diagnose, monitor, and treat children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

The core group formulated seven PICO-structured clinical questions. A systematic literature search from inception to December 2022 was conducted by a medical librarian using MEDLINE and EMBASE. Core messages from the literature were phrased as position statements and then circulated to a sounding board composed of international experts in pediatric gastroenterology and hepatology, histopathology, adult gastroenterology and hepatology, radiology, and surgery. Statements reaching at least 80% agreement were considered as final. The other statements were refined and then subjected to a second online vote or rejection.