Perceived healthy community environment and loneliness among older adults in China: indirect psychosocial pathways through community belongingness and multi-source received social support

Introduction

Loneliness in later life is closely linked to older adults' living environments and psychosocial resources. Although digital inclusion has received increasing attention in aging societies, less is known about whether perceived healthy community environments remain relevant to loneliness among older adults. This study examined whether community belongingness (CB) and multi-source received social support (MRSS) formed indirect psychosocial pathways linking perceived healthy community environment (PHCE) to loneliness among older adults in China.