Effects of Combined Strength Training and Stretching on Lumbar Disc Herniation in Older Adults

This study aimed to investigate the effects of strength and stretching exercises on lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in older adults, focusing on pain reduction, increased mobility, and functional outcomes. Sixteen participants aged 65–75, with LDH diagnoses confirmed via MRI, were assigned to two groups using a non-random method; those unwilling to participate in the exercise program were included in the control group. Group 1 (Combined Strength and Stretching Group – SSG) performed a standard exercise program seven times a week for six weeks, while Group 2 served as the control group receiving no intervention. Baseline demographic and physical characteristics (age, height, weight, BMI) were similar between the groups. Pain intensity (Visual Analog Scale), mobility (straight leg raise test), and functional disability (Oswestry Disability Index) were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was conducted using a two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, focusing primarily on the group × time interaction; results were reported using F-values, p-values, 95% confidence intervals, and partial eta-squared effect sizes. The two-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant group × time interaction regarding pain intensity (VAS: F(1,14)=81.918, p<0.001, η²p=0.854, 95% CI [4.6–6.1]), indicating a markedly greater reduction in pain in the SSG compared to the control group. Similar significant interactions were also observed for mobility (right leg: F(1,14)=197.397, p<0.001, η²p=0.934; left leg: F(1,14)=137.089, p<0.001, η²p=0.907) and functional disability (Oswestry: F(1,14)=120.169, p<0.001, η²p=0.896). These findings indicate that a structured strength and stretching exercise protocol can effectively reduce pain, increase mobility, and improve functional outcomes in elderly individuals with LDH.