The Effect of Intravenous Dextrose Administration on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis

Background and Objectives: Intravenous dextrose administration is a potential nonpharmacological adjunct for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV); however, its efficacy and optimal timing remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis, including trial sequential analysis (TSA), evaluated the antiemetic effects of perioperative dextrose administration. Materials and Methods: Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing dextrose-containing fluids with dextrose-free solutions under general anesthesia. The primary outcomes were the incidence of postoperative nausea (PON) and vomiting (POV) and PONV during the early (0-6 h) and late (6-48 h) periods, as well as the overall period (defined as any assessment for which the included study did not report a specific time point). The secondary outcome was the use of rescue antiemetics. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the timing of administration (preoperative, combined preoperative-and-intraoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative).