Postoperative budesonide nebulization following endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: Efficacy and clinical outcomes

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory condition of the nasal and paranasal sinuses that is associated with substantial morbidity and reduced quality of life. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is frequently performed in patients who do not respond adequately to medical treatment. However, optimal postoperative management remains essential to promote mucosal healing, reduce symptoms, and prevent disease recurrence. Topical corticosteroids are widely used after surgery, yet the most effective delivery method continues to be debated. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of postoperative budesonide administered via nebulization in patients with CRS, regardless of the presence of bronchial asthma. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study included 111 adult patients who underwent ESS between 2016 and 2018. Patients were divided into two groups based on postoperative use of a budesonide nebulizer. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, postoperative symptoms, and recurrence rates were analyzed. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 26. Continuous variables were summarized using means and standard deviations, while categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. Associations between variables were assessed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, with statistical significance defined as a probability value of < 0.05.