Standardisation of sinonasal anatomical terminology in Spanish: An expert consensus

Advances in endonasal endoscopic surgery have highlighted the need to unify and adapt sinonasal anatomical terminology. This study aims to translate and validate the anatomical terms proposed by the European Rhinologic Society into Spanish, in order to facilitate their use and dissemination.

A Delphi methodology was employed, involving 24 nationally recognised rhinologists with extensive experience in endoscopic surgery. In the first round, Spanish equivalents were proposed for the 121 concepts included in the EPOS (European Position Paper on the Anatomical Terminology) supplement. In the second round, each participant selected a single preferred term among the most voted options. Finally, a panel of seven national experts reviewed and approved the definitive terms, including additional concepts not previously addressed in reference documents.

In 61% (73/121) of the concepts, the expert panel ratified the term most voted by the group of rhinologists. In 31% (38/121), the most voted term was modified, and in 8% (10/121), a final decision was made in the event of a tie. The use of eponyms and latinisms was avoided whenever possible. The terminology selected aimed to accurately reflect the corresponding anatomical concepts. Moreover, relevant terms not included in the EPOS consensus documents or the Anatomical Terminology were incorporated.

The adaptation and validation of sinonasal anatomical terminology into Spanish enhances international communication and contributes to improving clinical practice in rhinology.

Published by Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola, 2026. The guideline itself is at the source linked here.

doi.org/10.1016/j.otoeng.2025.512275