Comparing the pain relief effectiveness of intravenous magnesium sulfate and ketorolac versus intravenous morphine and ketorolac for kidney stones

Background

Pain is one of the most common symptoms in various diseases. While morphine is widely used for pain relief, its adverse effects and potential for misuse have led to the exploration of safer alternatives. This study aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness of intravenous magnesium sulfate versus morphine, both in combination with ketorolac, in patients with renal colic.