Dissociation between humoral and multi-omic immune responses to inactivated COVID-19 vaccination in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Introduction

Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) may experience persistent immune dysregulation during anti-tuberculosis treatment, yet vaccine evaluation in this population has largely relied on humoral endpoints. Whether preserved antibody responses reflect coordinated systems-level immune activation after inactivated COVID-19 vaccination remains unclear. This study used systems vaccinology to identify multi-omic immune signatures induced by vaccination in PTB patients.