Schistosomal Rectal Polyposis Mimicking Colorectal Cancer: A Case Report of a 60-mm Polyp in a Young Ethiopian Man Treated at Firoomsis General Hospital

Background

Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem in endemic regions, affecting over 250 million individuals globally, with Schistosoma mansoni frequently causing intestinal and hepatosplenic disease. Chronic infection may lead to rectal polyposis, which can mimic colorectal malignancy and create diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Addressing these intersecting diagnostic and therapeutic issues necessitates a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach that integrates increased clinical vigilance in endemic populations, accurate histopathological assessment, focused endoscopic treatment, and antiparasitic therapy. This strategy aims to prevent patients from undergoing unnecessary and debilitating radical surgery.