Fungal contamination, mycotoxins, histamine, and allergen-related immunoreactivity in edible insects and insect-fortified complementary foods

Introduction

Edible insects are consumed by over 3,000 ethnic groups, with 2,205 species documented as food in 128 countries, yet evidence on fungal contamination, mycotoxins and allergen-related risks remains limited. This study assessed these hazards in edible insects and insect-fortified complementary foods for infant and young child nutrition.