Anesthesia-Informed Approaches to Insomnia: Shared Neural Circuits, Biomimetic Sleep, and Emerging Interventional Strategies

Background

Insomnia affects approximately 10-30% of adults, burdening quality of life, cognition, and health. Although cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and approved pharmacotherapies remain standard care, limited accessibility, durability, and efficacy in refractory populations have motivated interest in mechanism-based alternatives, including approaches derived from anesthetic pharmacology.