Lipid profile parameters (tc, tg, HDL, and LDL) as correlates of anthropometric parameters (BMI, wc, whr, whtr, bri, and vai) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

The study sought to determine the correlation between lipid profile parameters (TC, TG, HDL, and LDL) and anthropometric parameters (BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, BRI, and VAI) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In carrying out this study comparative cross-sectional study was adopted. The study population consisted of one hundred (100) diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and one hundred (100) apparently healthy, age- and sex-matched non-diabetic individuals who served as controls. All participants were aged between 30 and 70 years. Ten (10) mL of venous blood samples were collected from each participant after overnight fast using standard aseptic procedures and distributed into appropriate tubes for the determination of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, lipid profile, and oxidative stress markers. Serum and plasma were prepared by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes, while whole blood was used for selected analyses. The samples were analyzed using standard laboratory methods. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Results were expressed as Mean ± Standard Deviation. The test of significance was determined using independent samples t-test, while Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess relationships between variables, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. In conclusion lipid profile parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), are important indicators of metabolic and cardiovascular health among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The result of the findings revealed that there was a significant negative correlation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) with body roundness index (BRI) (r = −0.207*, p = 0.039) in type 2 diabetic patients. There was a significant negative correlation of catalase (CAT) with body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.402*, p = 0.000), waist circumference (WC) (r = −0.329*, p = 0.001), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (r = −0.211*, p = 0.035), while significant positive correlations were observed with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (r = 0.287*, p = 0.004) and BRI (r = 0.359*, p = 0.000) in type 2 diabetic patients The study concluded that lipid profile parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), are important indicators of metabolic and cardiovascular health among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. One of the recommendations made was that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus should undergo regular lipid profile and anthropometric assessments to facilitate early identification of dyslipidaemia and abnormal adiposity.