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The Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University Series pedagogy
By Vladyslav I. Kaliuzhka, Микита А. Маркевич, Vladimir Klochkov and 2 others.
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Early brain injury following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is driven by oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, microvascular dysfunction, and neuronal damage. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ nanoparticles) possess regenerative antioxidant properties and may provide sustained scavenging of reactive oxygen species. This proof-of-concept study evaluated whether intrathecal administration of CeO₂ nanoparticles improved functional recovery after experimental SAH.
Thirty adult male rats were randomly allocated to three groups: Sham, SAH with conventional nimodipine treatment, and SAH with intrathecal CeO₂ nanoparticle treatment (n = 10 per group). SAH was induced using the endovascular perforation model. One hour after SAH induction, animals received intrathecal CeO₂ nanoparticles at 0.5 mg/kg, conventional nimodipine at 0.05 mg/kg, or an equivalent volume of saline. Neurological function was assessed using the modified Garcia score and beam balance test. Spontaneous locomotor and exploratory activity was evaluated using automated open-field video tracking. Body weight and survival were monitored throughout the 21-day observation period.
Intrathecal CeO₂ nanoparticle treatment was associated with significantly improved longitudinal neurological and behavioral recovery compared with conventional nimodipine treatment. On day 21, the nanotherapy group demonstrated higher modified Garcia scores (17.00 vs 14.83; adjusted p = 0.002) and beam balance scores (5.60 vs 4.63; adjusted p = 0.002). Nanotherapy also improved travelled distance (4153.88 vs 3743.00 cm; adjusted p < 0.001), mean locomotor velocity (13.86 vs 12.48 cm/s; adjusted p < 0.001), and center exploration (41.35 vs 37.73s; adjusted p < 0.001), while reducing immobility time (40.76 vs 54.17s; adjusted p = 0.002). Survival at the end of follow-up was 100% in the Sham group, 60% in the Conventional treatment group, and 80% in the Nanotherapy group; however, the difference between active treatment groups was not statistically significant.
Intrathecal administration of cerium oxide nanoparticles improved neurological function, motor coordination, spontaneous locomotor activity, exploratory behavior, and general postoperative recovery after experimental SAH. These findings provide proof-of-concept evidence supporting nanoceria as a potential local antioxidant therapy for early brain injury after SAH. Further studies should assess dose-response relationships, safety, pharmacokinetics, histopathological effects, and molecular mechanisms of neuroprotection.
Published in The Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University Series pedagogy. The abstract is shown as published and remains the work of its authors; read the full article at the source.
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