VIVÊNCIA DO PACIENTE COM ESTOMIA DE ELIMINAÇÃO: Desafios e atuação do enfermeiro no cuidado integral

An ostomy focuses on creating a connection between an internal human organ and the external environment. It is frequently associated with more severe clinical conditions, thus highlighting its importance in healthcare practice. The care of patients with elimination ostomies requires a multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, nurses, nursing technicians, and other healthcare professionals. Although progress has been made in nursing care for people with ostomies, weaknesses are still observed in the management of these patients, especially regarding the experience of sexuality and the difficulties encountered during the postoperative period. The general objective of this research was to analyze the challenges faced by patients with elimination ostomies and the role of nurses in their care. A descriptive study with a qualitative approach was conducted as a literature review. A qualitative approach was also adopted because it allows for a deeper understanding of the phenomena related to the challenges faced by people with elimination ostomies and the role of nurses in comprehensive care, taking into account their experiences, perceptions, and difficulties. The literature analysis indicated that living with an elimination ostomy is directly associated with significant biopsychosocial impacts involving physical, emotional, and social changes. The results show that adapting to this newly acquired condition is a complex process characterized by changes in body image, self-esteem, and interpersonal relationships. Finally, it is concluded that the creation of a stoma poses a series of challenges for the individual and requires qualified multidisciplinary care, with particular emphasis on the role of nursing.