Pengaruh Diabetes Mellitus Pada Keberhasilan Pengobatan Tuberkulosis : Tinjauan Sistematis

Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major public health problems that can influence each other and affect treatment outcomes. Diabetes can impair immune function, reducing the body's ability to control Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and potentially reducing the effectiveness of TB treatment. This systematic review aimed to examine the impact of DM on TB treatment outcomes. The review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and searched PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for studies published between 2020 and 2025. Studies involving adults with active TB, with or without DM, and reporting at least one treatment outcome were included. Of 1,429 records identified, 13 observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, patients with TB and DM tended to have more severe disease, more extensive pulmonary lesions, delayed sputum smear conversion, and higher risks of treatment failure, relapse, and mortality compared with patients without DM. Poor glycemic control was also associated with less favorable treatment outcomes. Several studies suggested that interventions such as therapeutic drug monitoring and adjunctive therapies may improve treatment response. These findings indicate that DM is an important comorbidity that can negatively affect TB treatment outcomes. Integrated management of TB and DM, early detection of diabetes, and optimal glycemic control are important to improve treatment success.