Helicobacter pylori Infection and Its Role in Neurological Disorders: A Simplified Review

: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is among the most prevalent chronic bacterial infections in the world, colonising the gastric mucosa of nearly half the global population. Although its association with peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinoma is well established, there is a growing body of scientific evidence pointing to its involvement in diseases far beyond the stomach. Long-standing infection can set off a cascade of systemic inflammation, disruption of the gut-brain axis, increased oxidative stress, and critical nutritional deficiencies — all of which may ultimately compromise the health of the central and peripheral nervous systems. This review presents a clear, accessible account of the mechanisms through which H. pylori infection may contribute to neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and multiple sclerosis, with a discussion of its clinical implications for disease management.