Coexisting Congenital and Lymphoid Pathologies: A Case Report of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst and Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy in a 5 Year Old Child

Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital midline neck swelling in children. It typically presents as a painless, cystic swelling that moves with deglutition and tongue protrusion. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy, on the other hand is one of the most common causes of upper airway obstruction in the paediatric population. However their coexistence is rarely reported and may pose diagnostic and management challenges. We report a case of a 5-year-old male child who presented with a midline neck swelling along with symptoms of upper airway obstruction due to grade III adenotonsillar hypertrophy. He underwent simultaneous adenotonsillectomy and Excision of the thyroglossal duct cyst by the Sistrunk procedure under general anaesthesia. The postoperative period was uneventful, with no recurrence on follow-up. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive evaluation and simultaneous management of coexisting airway and congenital neck pathologies.