Invisible Patient Safety Risk: A Point Prevalence Analysis of Antimicrobial-Related Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Patients

Introduction

Antimicrobial-related potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) represent an important yet often underrecognized patient safety concern among hospitalized patients, particularly those receiving multiple medications. This study assessed the point prevalence, risk factors, and distribution of antimicrobial-related pDDIs among hospitalized adult patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional point prevalence study was conducted on March 4, 2026, at Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital. Adult inpatients receiving at least 1 systemic antimicrobial agent and at least 1 additional systemic medication were included. Potential drug–drug interactions were assessed using the UpToDate® Lexicomp® Drug Interactions Online Database. Interactions classified as category C, D, or X were considered pDDIs. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of pDDIs.