Indian Journal of Urology
Craniocaudal bull’s eye technique for superior calyceal access during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Determination of angle, efficacy, and outcomes
By Keshav Agarwal, Chandan Jyoti Das and Rajeev Kumar.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: The classical lateromedial “bull’s eye” technique for fluoroscopy-guided access for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) may be inappropriate for a superior calyx puncture since its infundibulum has a craniocaudal (CC) orientation. We evaluated a modified bull’s eye technique in a CC orientation (craniocaudal bull’s eye [CCBE]) for superior calyceal access during PCNL.