Determinants of Herpes Zoster Vaccine Hesitancy: An Updated Systematic Review Based on the 5C Model

Background/Objectives: Herpes zoster (HZ) represents a substantial public health burden, particularly among older adults and individuals at increased risk of severe disease. Despite effective vaccines, uptake remains suboptimal. This systematic review aimed to update evidence on HZ vaccination willingness, acceptance, and hesitancy, and to classify determinants according to the 5C model: Confidence, Complacency, Constraints, Calculation, and Collective Responsibility.