Comparative Analysis of Robotic-Assisted and Manual Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients with Extra-Articular Deformities: A Propensity Score-Matched Prospective Cohort Study

Background

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with extra-articular deformities (EAD) presents significant technical challenges. Robot-assisted TKA (RA-TKA) has the potential to provide more precise alignment and soft tissue balance. The primary aim of this study was to compare the rate of mechanical axis outliers (>3° deviation from target hip–knee–ankle angle) between RA-TKA and manual TKA in patients with EAD. Secondary aims included comparison of functional outcomes (KSS, FJS-12) at 12 months and exploratory subgroup analyses by deformity severity.