Gluten-Free and Gluten-Restricted Diets in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review of Disease Activity and Patient-Reported Outcomes

Background

Dietary modification is widely used by people with multiple sclerosis (MS), and gluten avoidance is a common self-directed strategy. Biological plausibility has been proposed through gut-barrier and immune mechanisms, but whether gluten restriction improves clinical outcomes or objective disease activity remains uncertain.