Evaluation of Diastolic Dysfunction in Pituitary Adenomas: A Comparative Single-Center Study Among Acromegaly, Prolactinoma, and Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas

Background and Objectives: Pituitary adenomas may be associated with metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities, but comparative evidence across subtypes is limited. We compared cardiometabolic and echocardiographic profiles, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), and carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) among patients with prolactinoma, acromegaly, or nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) and healthy controls and investigated factors associated with LVDD. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study included 214 participants evaluated between 2016 and 2018: 91 with prolactinoma, 26 with acromegaly, 45 with NFPA, and 52 healthy controls. Participants underwent clinical, biochemical, echocardiographic, and CIMT assessment. LVDD was diagnosed and graded according to the 2016 American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) recommendations. Factors associated with LVDD were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression.