Clinical Outcomes of Endoscopic Treatment for Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Common Bile Duct Stones: Incidence and Risk Factors for Post-ERCP Pancreatitis

Background/Objectives: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the standard treatment for common bile duct stones (CBDSs). Current clinical guidelines recommend ERCP irrespective of symptom status. However, accumulating evidence suggests that patients with asymptomatic CBDSs are at an increased risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). This study aimed to compare the incidence of PEP between patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic CBDSs and to identify independent risk factors for PEP.