Early Renal Effects After Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Prospective Observational Study

Background/Objectives: Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is widely used after thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer, but early renal tubular changes may not be reflected by conventional renal function parameters. We prospectively evaluated urinary tubular biomarker changes across three administered RAI activities.

Methods

We included 120 patients, with 40 in each activity group (1.11, 3.70, and 5.55 GBq). Blood was collected at baseline and day 7, and urine at baseline, day 1, and day 7. Urinary kidney injury molecule-1, netrin-1, cystatin C, and β2-microglobulin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; conventional renal parameters were also assessed.