Brain Sciences
Nerve Injuries in Craniofacial and Skull Base Surgery: Shared Mechanisms, Prevention, and Repair Strategies
By Ioannis Chatzistefanou, Sophia Tsokkou, Alexandros C. Liatsos and 5 others.
Abstract
Background
Craniofacial and skull base procedures place cranial nerves at risk of injury, with consequences for movement, sensation, hearing, swallowing, vision, and quality of life.
Methods
This narrative review integrates 46 original publications with six targeted references added during revision, addressing injury mechanisms, prevention, postoperative assessment, reconstruction, and rehabilitation across neurosurgery, otolaryngology, and maxillofacial surgery.
