Selective Dopamine Transporter Inhibitor CE-123 Modulates Region-Specific Intestinal Mucosal and Immune Responses Following Fear Conditioning and Extinction in Adolescent Female Rats

Background/Objectives: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with systemic alterations that may involve the gastrointestinal tract, yet intestinal responses to fear-related learning remain poorly characterized. We investigated intestinal mucosal morphology, MUC2 immunoreactivity, and local immune responses following fear conditioning and extinction, and assessed their modulation by the selective dopamine transporter inhibitor CE-123.