Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) Sulfone Regulates Sperm Motility, Mitochondrial Activity, and Nitric Oxide Production in Boar Semen

BPS is a substitute for bisphenol A, an endocrine disruptor. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of BPS on sperm viability and motility, acrosomal membrane damage, mitochondrial activity, and NO production in boar semen. 0, 40.0, 80.0, and 100.0 μM BPS were treated in the boar semen. In the results, sperm viability did not change across any treatments. However, sperm motility was significantly decreased in the 100.0 μM BPS-treated groups (78.56%, p < 0.05) and progressive motility of sperm (60.24%, p < 0.05). Acrosomal membrane damage was not changed in the BPS-treated groups, but mitochondrial activity (58.85%, p < 0.05) of sperm was decreased in the 100.0 μM BPS-treated groups. The NO in the 100.0 μM BPS-treated sperm groups was increased (p < 0.05). Based on the results, we suggest that BPS elevates NO production, and the increased NO damages mitochondrial activity. Thus, BPS may directly regulate sperm motility, such as through oxidative stress.