Bioactivity research in Grifola frondosa: a global scientometric analysis of emerging bioactivities and translational applications

Introduction Grifola frondosa (maitake) is an edible and medicinal mushroom known for its diverse bioactive compounds, particularly polysaccharides, including biologically active β-glucans, which have been associated with immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antimicrobial, and metabolic effects. However, a comprehensive assessment of the intellectual structure and global development of this research area has not yet been conducted. Methods We conducted a scientometric analysis of 605 English-language journal articles indexed in Scopus from 1980 to 2025. Bibliometric data were analyzed using Bibliometrix/Biblioshiny and VOSviewer to assess publication and citation trends, leading authors, institutions, countries, collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrence, thematic evolution, conceptual structure, and emerging research frontiers. Results Publication output rose significantly after 2024, peaking in 2025, reflecting sustained global interest in G. frondosa bioactivity. Logistic growth modeling shows the field is nearing maturity. China and Japan showed the highest publication output and substantial representation in institutional and international collaboration networks, indicating a pronounced concentration of the analyzed literature in East Asia. Keyword and thematic analyses highlight β-glucans, polysaccharides, immunomodulation, antioxidant activity, and antitumor mechanisms as core research themes. Recent studies increasingly address structural characterization, gut microbiota modulation, fermentation technologies, oxidative stress, hypoglycemic activity, and functional food applications, indicating a shift toward mechanistic and translational research. Discussion Research on G. frondosa bioactivity has evolved into a multidisciplinary field characterized by expanding international collaboration and heightened focus on translational research. The identified trends, knowledge structure, and emerging themes offer a framework for future mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical studies exploring the therapeutic, nutraceutical, and functional food applications of G. frondosa .