Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kualitas Hidup Lansia : Tinjauan Sistematis

Quality of life among older adults is associated with various interrelated aspects, including the ability to perform daily activities, psychological conditions, social and family support, health status, and living environment. This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesize factors associated with quality of life among older adults based on findings from published studies. A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and GARUDA for articles published between 2018 and 2025. The study selection process followed the PRISMA 2020 flow. Of the 664 articles identified, duplicates were removed, titles and abstracts were screened, and full-text articles were assessed, resulting in 39 studies being included in the review. The selected studies were conducted in various settings, including community settings, nursing homes or institutional facilities, home care services, and groups of older adults with specific health conditions. The synthesis showed that functional independence, psychological conditions, particularly depression, and social support were the factors most consistently associated with quality of life among older adults. Greater independence in ADL/IADL and better social support tended to be associated with higher quality of life, whereas depression and functional limitations were associated with lower quality of life. Clinical factors, sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, as well as living environment and service-related factors were also associated with quality of life, although the findings varied across studies. As most of the included studies used cross-sectional designs, these findings are more appropriately interpreted as patterns of association and cannot establish causal relationships.