Apolipoprotein as a Prognosis Factor of Ischemic Stroke Patient in Academic Hospital-Yogyakarta

Background: Ischemic stroke constitutes most of all strokes. Identifying prognostic biomarkers in ischemic stroke patients is crucial for early recognition and stroke prevention. Although dyslipidemia contributes to stroke occurrence and progression, the prognostic value of lipid-related biomarkers in stroke patients remains unclear. This study was conducted to assess apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 and B profiles as prognostic predictors. The results are expected to support the development of patient management strategies.Method: This retrospective study included ischemic stroke patients in Gadjah Mada Stroke Center who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Venous blood samples were taken within the first 24 hours of hospitalization. Functional status was assessed with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Barthel Index (BI). Cognitive score was evaluated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian Version (MoCA-Ina). We analysed data using correlation tests and determined statistical significance using multivariate analysis. This study included 31 subjects.Results: Patients with dyslipidemia showed lower levels of Apo A1 (p-value = 0.047) and higher Apo B levels (p-value = 0.002) compared to those without dyslipidemia. Correlation analysis revealed that lower Apo A1 correlated with more severe neurological impairment (p-value = 0.034) and poorer disability (p-value = 0.038). Higher Apo B levels showed negative correlations with MoCA-Ina scores (p-value = 0.091); this might suggest poor cognitive function. However, this association did not reach statistical significance.Conclusion: Further studies of larger sample sizes are needed, and additional evaluation of Apolipoprotein E may be considered.