The Effect of Body Mass Index (BMI) on the Treatment Outcomes of Drug Resistance Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background and Aim: Several host-related factors, such as nutritional status, age, and comorbid conditions, influence tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes by modifying disease progression and treatment response. However, their combined effect on TB outcomes has not been comprehensively evaluated. This study, therefore, aims to systematically assess the association between nutritional status, age, and HIV with TB treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods: We systematically searched cohort studies published between 2009 and 2025 in four databases using relevant keywords. After initial screening, eligible studies were included in the final analysis. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software with a random-effects model.