No Association Between CCL5 rs2280788 Polymorphism and Tuberculosis Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract Objective The association between the CCL5 rs2280788 genetic polymorphism and susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) has produced inconsistent results across studies. Given the global impact of TB and the potential role of genetic factors in disease risk, clarifying this relationship is important. Methods This systematic meta-analysis synthesized data from case-control studies to evaluate the link between the CCL5 rs2280788 polymorphism and TB risk. Comprehensive searches were performed in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Heterogeneity among studies was assessed, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using both fixed-effects and random-effects models. Results Nine studies comprising 10 comparisons (2,071 cases and 2,416 controls) were included. The analysis indicated no significant associations between the CCL5 rs2280788 polymorphism and TB risk across multiple genetic models, including allele contrast, heterozygous, homozygous, recessive, dominant, and overdominant models. Substantial heterogeneity was detected under the allele model (I² = 97%). However, subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed an elevated TB risk associated with this polymorphism, specifically within the Arab population, without significant heterogeneity in this subgroup. Conclusion These results imply that the CCL5 rs2280788 polymorphism is not a significant risk factor for TB overall, although its potential ethnic-specific effects in Arab populations merit further investigation.