Cysticercus fasciolaris in Rats : A Review Article

Cysticercus fasciolaris, the larval stage of the cestode Taenia taeniaeformis, is a significant parasite of rodents, particularly rats (Rattus spp.), which serve as intermediate hosts. While cats act as the definitive host, completing the parasite’s life cycle through ingestion of infected rodents. This narrative review synthesized peer-reviewed literature on the C. fasciolaris’ in rodent hosts morphology, life cycle, geographic distribution, and pathological impact, drawing from analysis of global literature. Reported prevalence of infection varies widely across regions, ranging from 8.91% in Thailand to 67.6% in Grenada, influenced by environmental factors, host age, and weight. Morphologically, the larva presents as a coiled, creamy-white strobilocercus within hepatic cysts, featuring a scolex armed with hooks and suckers. Histopathological examinations reveal cystic structures encapsulated by collagen-rich fibrous walls, inducing hepatocellular damage, fatty degeneration, and apoptosis. The life cycle involves felids as definitive hosts, with rodents acquiring infection via ingestion of embryonated eggs, leading to larval development primarily in the liver. However, there remains a lack of molecular studies detailing the genetic variation, virulence factors, and zoonotic potential of C. fasciolaris, particularly in Southeast Asian regions such as Indonesia, where field-based surveillance data are nearly absent. Addressing these knowledge gaps may improve of parasite transmission, diagnosis, disease surveillance, biosafety, and its relevance to veterinary and public health.