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Articles
Cardiology

The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease

Increasing cardiovascular disease risk predicts faster cognitive decline: A Bayesian analysis of a cohort of adults in rural West Texas

17 October 2026Original research1 min read

By Chathurika S. Dhanasekara, Chanaka N. Kahathuduwa and Volker Neugebauer.

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Abstract
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Abstract

Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. We examined whether a higher atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk is associated with faster cognitive decline in Project FRONTIER, a rural cohort.

Methods

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Participants were aged ≥40 years without baseline CVD and completed two study visits. Primary outcomes were the RBANS Total Score and its domains; secondary outcomes were Executive Interview 25, verbal fluency, Clock Drawing Test (CLOX), and Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B. Primary exposure was the 10-year ASCVD risk per AHA PREVENT equations. We fitted Bayesian mixed-effects models to estimate the interaction between time (in years) and ASCVD risk, adjusting for covariates using brms package in R.

Results

We analyzed data of 383 participants (age 57.74 ± 11.4 years; 75.5 % female; 59.8 % Hispanic; median follow-up 3.00 years, IQR: 2.67–3.64). The time×ASCVD risk interaction for RBANS Total was credibly negative (β = −1.22 points/year per 10 % higher risk, 95 % CrI −1.87 to −0.58). Strongest domain-specific effects were for attention (β = −1.25; 95 % CrI −2.14 to −0.37) and delayed memory (β = −1.36; 95 % CrI −2.16 to −0.05). CLOX suggested a credibly negative interaction (β = −0.39; 95 % CrI −0.62 to −0.16), and TMT-A showed a credibly positive interaction (β = +2.85 s/year; 95 % CrI 1.28 to 4.41).

Discussion

In this rural cohort, a higher 10-year ASCVD risk was associated with faster decline in global cognition, particularly attention and delayed memory, supporting the potential value of cardiovascular risk monitoring and modification to preserve cognitive function.

Keywords

AHA PREVENT
Cognitive decline
Rural health
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk
Open access

Authors

Chathurika S. Dhanasekara
Chanaka N. Kahathuduwa
Volker Neugebauer

Source

Published in The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease. The abstract is shown as published and remains the work of its authors; read the full article at the source.

sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2274580726001755

Prognia lists this article for reference and education. It is not medical advice. Always read the original and follow current guidelines and local protocols before acting on it.

At a glance

Journal: The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease
Type: Original research
Published: 17 October 2026
Specialty: Cardiology
Read time: 1 min
Authors: 3
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100651

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