The experience of fundamental care in preventing recurrence in patients with venous ulcers: A focus group study

Background Venous ulcers affect up to 0.3% of the population, with a significant impact on the economy and quality of life. The 70% recurrence rate 12 months after healing exacerbates this situation. Fundamental care to prevent this recurrence will maximise the number of ulcer-free days. This literature review highlights several measures to prevent recurrence. The low adherence to these measures makes it worth investigating how people with venous ulcers perceive preventive measures. Objective To understand the perception of people with venous ulcers regarding the prevention of their recurrence. Methods A qualitative descriptive study design. The study was carried out on people enrolled in primary health care in the East-Central region of Portugal, in July 2024. Three focus groups, with 20 people, were conducted after informed consent was obtained. Content analysis was performed according to thematic criteria using WebQda® software. Results Three main themes emerged: care integration, care context, and relationship (with the person and their caregivers). Preventing recurrence depends on understanding its aetiology and implementing preventive measures. Participants cited difficulties in putting on and taking off medical compression garments, their cost, and the associated itching and discomfort as barriers. Continued monitoring by healthcare professionals and caregiver support are facilitators. Conclusions Preventing recurrence must start with understanding the chronic condition and its causes. It's also crucial to implement strategies that remove current barriers. How the education and information are provided is key, supported by ongoing monitoring. The relationship between the healthcare professional and the patient, along with the context—especially the available resources—plays a significant role throughout the process.