Guidelines for thermometry in clinical hyperthermia.

High quality thermometry is needed in hyperthermia to (1) ensure safe delivery of adequate therapy and (2) provide the quantitative information needed to develop prognostic parameters which will aid research into planning and dosimetry. Currently, only invasive thermometry which is subject to several sources of artifact is available to address these requirements. This paper summarizes techniques which have been developed to reduce these artifacts to acceptable levels, outlines quality assurance requirements ensuring good practice in the use of invasive thermometry during clinical treatments and ends with a brief discussion of thermometry requirements for control of various hyperthermia systems.