Frontiers in nutrition
Probiotics and synbiotics as adjunctive therapies for heart failure: a systematic review with network and pairwise meta-analyses
Por Liu Q, Xie H, Lin F y 2 más.
Contenido en inglés
Resumen
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the use of probiotics and synbiotics as microbiome-directed adjunctive therapies for heart failure (HF), while explicitly determining whether any eligible prebiotic-only trials existed.
Methods
We searched eight English- and Chinese-language databases from inception to 1 May 2026 and conducted expanded sensitivity searches in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science on 15 July 2026. Random-effects network meta-analysis (NMA) was used only for connected multi-node evidence; two-node evidence was analyzed pairwise. As placebo, usual care, and food comparators were not clinically exchangeable, comparator-stratified sensitivity analyses of direct evidence were conducted using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) and Hartung-Knapp (HK) confidence intervals (CIs).